(2017年3月3日)
■使用ソフト
・Visual Studio Community 2015 with Update 3
■言語
・C++
■パソコン環境
・OS：Windows 7 Home Premium Service Pack 1 (64 ビット)
・プロセッサ：Intel(R) Core(TM) i3-2367M CPU @ 1.40GHz (4 CPUs)
・メモリ：4096MB RAM
■目次
<DirectX11プログラミング>
・【C++】 DirectX11の初期化
・【C++】 三角形の描画
・【C++】 3D空間
・【C++】 3D変換
・【C++】 ライト
■作り方
１．Visual Studio Community 2015を起動する。
２．ファイル→新規作成→プロジェクトの順に選択する。
３．「新しいプロジェクト」のウィンドウが開くので、Visual C++の
Win32 プロジェクトを選択し、プロジェクトの名前・保存場所を
入力し、OKを押す。
４．「Win32 アプリケーション ウィザードへようこそ」のウィンドウ
が開くので、「次へ」を選択する。
５．「アプリケーション設定」のウィンドウが開くので、追加のオプ
ションの「空のプロジェクト」を選択し、「完了」を選択する。
６．ソリューションエクスプローラーのソースファイルを右クリック
し、「追加」→「新しい項目」を選択する。
７．「新しい項目の追加」ウィンドウが開くので、C++ファイルを選択
し、名前を付けて「追加｣を選択する。
８．ソースを以下のとおり入力する。
#pragma comment(lib,"d3d11.lib")
#include <windows.h>
#include <d3d11_1.h>
#include <directxcolors.h>
using namespace DirectX;
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// グローバル変数
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HINSTANCE g_hInst = nullptr;
HWND g_hWnd = nullptr;
D3D_DRIVER_TYPE g_driverType = D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_NULL;
D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL g_featureLevel = D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0;
ID3D11Device* g_pd3dDevice = nullptr;
ID3D11Device1* g_pd3dDevice1 = nullptr;
ID3D11DeviceContext* g_pImmediateContext = nullptr;
ID3D11DeviceContext1* g_pImmediateContext1 = nullptr;
IDXGISwapChain* g_pSwapChain = nullptr;
IDXGISwapChain1* g_pSwapChain1 = nullptr;
ID3D11RenderTargetView* g_pRenderTargetView = nullptr;
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// 前方宣言
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HRESULT InitWindow(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow);
HRESULT InitDevice();
void CleanupDevice();
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
void Render();
int WINAPI wWinMain(_In_ HINSTANCE hInstance, _In_opt_ HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, _In_ LPWSTR lpCmdLine, _In_ int nCmdShow)
{
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(hPrevInstance);
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine);
if (FAILED(InitWindow(hInstance, nCmdShow)))
return 0;
if (FAILED(InitDevice()))
{
CleanupDevice();
return 0;
}
// メインメッセージループ
MSG msg = { 0 };
while (WM_QUIT != msg.message)
{
if (PeekMessage(&msg, nullptr, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
else
{
Render();
}
}
CleanupDevice();
return (int)msg.wParam;
}
HRESULT InitWindow(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{
WNDCLASSEX wcex;
wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wcex.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;
wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;
wcex.hInstance = hInstance;
wcex.hIcon = NULL;
wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(nullptr, IDC_ARROW);
wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1);
wcex.lpszMenuName = nullptr;
wcex.lpszClassName = L"TutorialWindowClass";
wcex.hIconSm = NULL;
if (!RegisterClassEx(&wcex))
return E_FAIL;
g_hInst = hInstance;
RECT rc = { 0, 0, 400, 300 };
AdjustWindowRect(&rc, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, FALSE);
g_hWnd = CreateWindow(L"TutorialWindowClass", L"DirectX11の初期化",
WS_OVERLAPPED | WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU | WS_MINIMIZEBOX,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, rc.right - rc.left, rc.bottom - rc.top, nullptr, nullptr, hInstance,
nullptr);
if (!g_hWnd)
return E_FAIL;
ShowWindow(g_hWnd, nCmdShow);
return S_OK;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
HDC hdc;
switch (message)
{
case WM_PAINT:
hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}
HRESULT InitDevice()
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
RECT rc;
GetClientRect(g_hWnd, &rc);
UINT width = rc.right - rc.left;
UINT height = rc.bottom - rc.top;
UINT createDeviceFlags = 0;
#ifdef _DEBUG
createDeviceFlags |= D3D11_CREATE_DEVICE_DEBUG;
#endif
D3D_DRIVER_TYPE driverTypes[] =
{
D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE,
D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_WARP,
D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_REFERENCE,
};
UINT numDriverTypes = ARRAYSIZE(driverTypes);
D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL featureLevels[] =
{
D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_1,
D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0,
D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_1,
D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_0,
};
UINT numFeatureLevels = ARRAYSIZE(featureLevels);
for (UINT driverTypeIndex = 0; driverTypeIndex < numDriverTypes; driverTypeIndex++)
{
g_driverType = driverTypes[driverTypeIndex];
hr = D3D11CreateDevice(nullptr, g_driverType, nullptr, createDeviceFlags, featureLevels, numFeatureLevels,
D3D11_SDK_VERSION, &g_pd3dDevice, &g_featureLevel, &g_pImmediateContext);
if (hr == E_INVALIDARG)
{
hr = D3D11CreateDevice(nullptr, g_driverType, nullptr, createDeviceFlags, &featureLevels[1], numFeatureLevels - 1,
D3D11_SDK_VERSION, &g_pd3dDevice, &g_featureLevel, &g_pImmediateContext);
}
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
break;
}
if (FAILED(hr))
return hr;
IDXGIFactory1* dxgiFactory = nullptr;
{
IDXGIDevice* dxgiDevice = nullptr;
hr = g_pd3dDevice->QueryInterface(__uuidof(IDXGIDevice), reinterpret_cast<void**>(&dxgiDevice));
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
IDXGIAdapter* adapter = nullptr;
hr = dxgiDevice->GetAdapter(&adapter);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
hr = adapter->GetParent(__uuidof(IDXGIFactory1), reinterpret_cast<void**>(&dxgiFactory));
adapter->Release();
}
dxgiDevice->Release();
}
}
if (FAILED(hr))
return hr;
IDXGIFactory2* dxgiFactory2 = nullptr;
hr = dxgiFactory->QueryInterface(__uuidof(IDXGIFactory2), reinterpret_cast<void**>(&dxgiFactory2));
if (dxgiFactory2)
{
hr = g_pd3dDevice->QueryInterface(__uuidof(ID3D11Device1), reinterpret_cast<void**>(&g_pd3dDevice1));
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
(void)g_pImmediateContext->QueryInterface(__uuidof(ID3D11DeviceContext1), reinterpret_cast<void**>(&g_pImmediateContext1));
}
DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC1 sd;
ZeroMemory(&sd, sizeof(sd));
sd.Width = width;
sd.Height = height;
sd.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
sd.SampleDesc.Count = 1;
sd.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;
sd.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT;
sd.BufferCount = 1;
hr = dxgiFactory2->CreateSwapChainForHwnd(g_pd3dDevice, g_hWnd, &sd, nullptr, nullptr, &g_pSwapChain1);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
hr = g_pSwapChain1->QueryInterface(__uuidof(IDXGISwapChain), reinterpret_cast<void**>(&g_pSwapChain));
}
dxgiFactory2->Release();
}
else
{
DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC sd;
ZeroMemory(&sd, sizeof(sd));
sd.BufferCount = 1;
sd.BufferDesc.Width = width;
sd.BufferDesc.Height = height;
sd.BufferDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
sd.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Numerator = 60;
sd.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Denominator = 1;
sd.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT;
sd.OutputWindow = g_hWnd;
sd.SampleDesc.Count = 1;
sd.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;
sd.Windowed = TRUE;
hr = dxgiFactory->CreateSwapChain(g_pd3dDevice, &sd, &g_pSwapChain);
}
dxgiFactory->MakeWindowAssociation(g_hWnd, DXGI_MWA_NO_ALT_ENTER);
dxgiFactory->Release();
if (FAILED(hr))
return hr;
ID3D11Texture2D* pBackBuffer = nullptr;
hr = g_pSwapChain->GetBuffer(0, __uuidof(ID3D11Texture2D), reinterpret_cast<void**>(&pBackBuffer));
if (FAILED(hr))
return hr;
hr = g_pd3dDevice->CreateRenderTargetView(pBackBuffer, nullptr, &g_pRenderTargetView);
pBackBuffer->Release();
if (FAILED(hr))
return hr;
g_pImmediateContext->OMSetRenderTargets(1, &g_pRenderTargetView, nullptr);
D3D11_VIEWPORT vp;
vp.Width = (FLOAT)width;
vp.Height = (FLOAT)height;
vp.MinDepth = 0.0f;
vp.MaxDepth = 1.0f;
vp.TopLeftX = 0;
vp.TopLeftY = 0;
g_pImmediateContext->RSSetViewports(1, &vp);
return S_OK;
}
void Render()
{
g_pImmediateContext->ClearRenderTargetView(g_pRenderTargetView, Colors::Aquamarine);
g_pSwapChain->Present(0, 0);
}
void CleanupDevice()
{
if (g_pImmediateContext) g_pImmediateContext->ClearState();
if (g_pRenderTargetView) g_pRenderTargetView->Release();
if (g_pSwapChain1) g_pSwapChain1->Release();
if (g_pSwapChain) g_pSwapChain->Release();
if (g_pImmediateContext1) g_pImmediateContext1->Release();
if (g_pImmediateContext) g_pImmediateContext->Release();
if (g_pd3dDevice1) g_pd3dDevice1->Release();
if (g_pd3dDevice) g_pd3dDevice->Release();
}
#include <windows.h>
#include <d3d11_1.h>
#include <directxcolors.h>
using namespace DirectX;
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// グローバル変数
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HINSTANCE g_hInst = nullptr;
HWND g_hWnd = nullptr;
D3D_DRIVER_TYPE g_driverType = D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_NULL;
D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL g_featureLevel = D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0;
ID3D11Device* g_pd3dDevice = nullptr;
ID3D11Device1* g_pd3dDevice1 = nullptr;
ID3D11DeviceContext* g_pImmediateContext = nullptr;
ID3D11DeviceContext1* g_pImmediateContext1 = nullptr;
IDXGISwapChain* g_pSwapChain = nullptr;
IDXGISwapChain1* g_pSwapChain1 = nullptr;
ID3D11RenderTargetView* g_pRenderTargetView = nullptr;
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
// 前方宣言
//--------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
HRESULT InitWindow(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow);
HRESULT InitDevice();
void CleanupDevice();
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND, UINT, WPARAM, LPARAM);
void Render();
int WINAPI wWinMain(_In_ HINSTANCE hInstance, _In_opt_ HINSTANCE hPrevInstance, _In_ LPWSTR lpCmdLine, _In_ int nCmdShow)
{
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(hPrevInstance);
UNREFERENCED_PARAMETER(lpCmdLine);
if (FAILED(InitWindow(hInstance, nCmdShow)))
return 0;
if (FAILED(InitDevice()))
{
CleanupDevice();
return 0;
}
// メインメッセージループ
MSG msg = { 0 };
while (WM_QUIT != msg.message)
{
if (PeekMessage(&msg, nullptr, 0, 0, PM_REMOVE))
{
TranslateMessage(&msg);
DispatchMessage(&msg);
}
else
{
Render();
}
}
CleanupDevice();
return (int)msg.wParam;
}
HRESULT InitWindow(HINSTANCE hInstance, int nCmdShow)
{
WNDCLASSEX wcex;
wcex.cbSize = sizeof(WNDCLASSEX);
wcex.style = CS_HREDRAW | CS_VREDRAW;
wcex.lpfnWndProc = WndProc;
wcex.cbClsExtra = 0;
wcex.cbWndExtra = 0;
wcex.hInstance = hInstance;
wcex.hIcon = NULL;
wcex.hCursor = LoadCursor(nullptr, IDC_ARROW);
wcex.hbrBackground = (HBRUSH)(COLOR_WINDOW + 1);
wcex.lpszMenuName = nullptr;
wcex.lpszClassName = L"TutorialWindowClass";
wcex.hIconSm = NULL;
if (!RegisterClassEx(&wcex))
return E_FAIL;
g_hInst = hInstance;
RECT rc = { 0, 0, 400, 300 };
AdjustWindowRect(&rc, WS_OVERLAPPEDWINDOW, FALSE);
g_hWnd = CreateWindow(L"TutorialWindowClass", L"DirectX11の初期化",
WS_OVERLAPPED | WS_CAPTION | WS_SYSMENU | WS_MINIMIZEBOX,
CW_USEDEFAULT, CW_USEDEFAULT, rc.right - rc.left, rc.bottom - rc.top, nullptr, nullptr, hInstance,
nullptr);
if (!g_hWnd)
return E_FAIL;
ShowWindow(g_hWnd, nCmdShow);
return S_OK;
}
LRESULT CALLBACK WndProc(HWND hWnd, UINT message, WPARAM wParam, LPARAM lParam)
{
PAINTSTRUCT ps;
HDC hdc;
switch (message)
{
case WM_PAINT:
hdc = BeginPaint(hWnd, &ps);
EndPaint(hWnd, &ps);
break;
case WM_DESTROY:
PostQuitMessage(0);
break;
default:
return DefWindowProc(hWnd, message, wParam, lParam);
}
return 0;
}
HRESULT InitDevice()
{
HRESULT hr = S_OK;
RECT rc;
GetClientRect(g_hWnd, &rc);
UINT width = rc.right - rc.left;
UINT height = rc.bottom - rc.top;
UINT createDeviceFlags = 0;
#ifdef _DEBUG
createDeviceFlags |= D3D11_CREATE_DEVICE_DEBUG;
#endif
D3D_DRIVER_TYPE driverTypes[] =
{
D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_HARDWARE,
D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_WARP,
D3D_DRIVER_TYPE_REFERENCE,
};
UINT numDriverTypes = ARRAYSIZE(driverTypes);
D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL featureLevels[] =
{
D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_1,
D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_11_0,
D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_1,
D3D_FEATURE_LEVEL_10_0,
};
UINT numFeatureLevels = ARRAYSIZE(featureLevels);
for (UINT driverTypeIndex = 0; driverTypeIndex < numDriverTypes; driverTypeIndex++)
{
g_driverType = driverTypes[driverTypeIndex];
hr = D3D11CreateDevice(nullptr, g_driverType, nullptr, createDeviceFlags, featureLevels, numFeatureLevels,
D3D11_SDK_VERSION, &g_pd3dDevice, &g_featureLevel, &g_pImmediateContext);
if (hr == E_INVALIDARG)
{
hr = D3D11CreateDevice(nullptr, g_driverType, nullptr, createDeviceFlags, &featureLevels[1], numFeatureLevels - 1,
D3D11_SDK_VERSION, &g_pd3dDevice, &g_featureLevel, &g_pImmediateContext);
}
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
break;
}
if (FAILED(hr))
return hr;
IDXGIFactory1* dxgiFactory = nullptr;
{
IDXGIDevice* dxgiDevice = nullptr;
hr = g_pd3dDevice->QueryInterface(__uuidof(IDXGIDevice), reinterpret_cast<void**>(&dxgiDevice));
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
IDXGIAdapter* adapter = nullptr;
hr = dxgiDevice->GetAdapter(&adapter);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
hr = adapter->GetParent(__uuidof(IDXGIFactory1), reinterpret_cast<void**>(&dxgiFactory));
adapter->Release();
}
dxgiDevice->Release();
}
}
if (FAILED(hr))
return hr;
IDXGIFactory2* dxgiFactory2 = nullptr;
hr = dxgiFactory->QueryInterface(__uuidof(IDXGIFactory2), reinterpret_cast<void**>(&dxgiFactory2));
if (dxgiFactory2)
{
hr = g_pd3dDevice->QueryInterface(__uuidof(ID3D11Device1), reinterpret_cast<void**>(&g_pd3dDevice1));
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
(void)g_pImmediateContext->QueryInterface(__uuidof(ID3D11DeviceContext1), reinterpret_cast<void**>(&g_pImmediateContext1));
}
DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC1 sd;
ZeroMemory(&sd, sizeof(sd));
sd.Width = width;
sd.Height = height;
sd.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
sd.SampleDesc.Count = 1;
sd.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;
sd.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT;
sd.BufferCount = 1;
hr = dxgiFactory2->CreateSwapChainForHwnd(g_pd3dDevice, g_hWnd, &sd, nullptr, nullptr, &g_pSwapChain1);
if (SUCCEEDED(hr))
{
hr = g_pSwapChain1->QueryInterface(__uuidof(IDXGISwapChain), reinterpret_cast<void**>(&g_pSwapChain));
}
dxgiFactory2->Release();
}
else
{
DXGI_SWAP_CHAIN_DESC sd;
ZeroMemory(&sd, sizeof(sd));
sd.BufferCount = 1;
sd.BufferDesc.Width = width;
sd.BufferDesc.Height = height;
sd.BufferDesc.Format = DXGI_FORMAT_R8G8B8A8_UNORM;
sd.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Numerator = 60;
sd.BufferDesc.RefreshRate.Denominator = 1;
sd.BufferUsage = DXGI_USAGE_RENDER_TARGET_OUTPUT;
sd.OutputWindow = g_hWnd;
sd.SampleDesc.Count = 1;
sd.SampleDesc.Quality = 0;
sd.Windowed = TRUE;
hr = dxgiFactory->CreateSwapChain(g_pd3dDevice, &sd, &g_pSwapChain);
}
dxgiFactory->MakeWindowAssociation(g_hWnd, DXGI_MWA_NO_ALT_ENTER);
dxgiFactory->Release();
if (FAILED(hr))
return hr;
ID3D11Texture2D* pBackBuffer = nullptr;
hr = g_pSwapChain->GetBuffer(0, __uuidof(ID3D11Texture2D), reinterpret_cast<void**>(&pBackBuffer));
if (FAILED(hr))
return hr;
hr = g_pd3dDevice->CreateRenderTargetView(pBackBuffer, nullptr, &g_pRenderTargetView);
pBackBuffer->Release();
if (FAILED(hr))
return hr;
g_pImmediateContext->OMSetRenderTargets(1, &g_pRenderTargetView, nullptr);
D3D11_VIEWPORT vp;
vp.Width = (FLOAT)width;
vp.Height = (FLOAT)height;
vp.MinDepth = 0.0f;
vp.MaxDepth = 1.0f;
vp.TopLeftX = 0;
vp.TopLeftY = 0;
g_pImmediateContext->RSSetViewports(1, &vp);
return S_OK;
}
void Render()
{
g_pImmediateContext->ClearRenderTargetView(g_pRenderTargetView, Colors::Aquamarine);
g_pSwapChain->Present(0, 0);
}
void CleanupDevice()
{
if (g_pImmediateContext) g_pImmediateContext->ClearState();
if (g_pRenderTargetView) g_pRenderTargetView->Release();
if (g_pSwapChain1) g_pSwapChain1->Release();
if (g_pSwapChain) g_pSwapChain->Release();
if (g_pImmediateContext1) g_pImmediateContext1->Release();
if (g_pImmediateContext) g_pImmediateContext->Release();
if (g_pd3dDevice1) g_pd3dDevice1->Release();
if (g_pd3dDevice) g_pd3dDevice->Release();
}
９．「ビルド」→「ソリューションのビルド」の順に選択する。
１０．「デバッグ」→「デバッグの開始」の順に選択すると、
ウィンドウが表示される。
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